Mathematical Singularities and Cosmological Horizons: An Integrated Onto-Epistemological Model at the Interface of Wisdom, Science and Cosmic Evolution

This comprehensive research reconstructs and deepens the "Wisdom-Science-Mathematics" tripartite framework developed by Prof. Dr. Nasip Demirkuş within the context of modern physical cosmology, the philosophy of mathematics, and theological epistemology.

The study argues that expressions traditionally classified in mathematical analysis as "undefined" (, , ) and "indeterminate" (, , ) are not merely abstract numerical anomalies or calculation errors.

On the contrary, it proposes that these expressions are precise "structural metaphors" that map the fundamental phases of the universe—such as the Big Bang Singularity, Cosmic Inflation, and the Big Rip—as well as the ontic boundaries of existence (Demirkuş & Bilgin, 2018b).

The research undertakes a terminological transformation:

• The concept previously referred to as "Creature" is redefined as "Physical Entity";
• The concept of "Evolutionary Science" is redefined as "Cosmic Evolution", extending beyond biological limits to encompass all material change from subatomic particles to galactic superclusters (Demirkuş, 2023).

Epistemological and Ontological Grounding: What is Wisdom (İlim)?

The concept of "Wisdom" (İlim), which forms the foundation of the model, is defined in the study as a two-layered structure:

• Epistemological Dimension (Knowledge): Absolute knowledge that is independent of time and space, eternal and everlasting (Ilm-i İlahi / Divine Knowledge).

• Ontological Dimension (Potential Being): The realm of absolute possibility (Sübut Alemi / Realm of Subsistence) which has not yet taken the form of physical energy and matter but carries the potential to exist.

In this context, Wisdom corresponds to the principle of "Necessary Being" (Wajib al-Wujud) in Islamic philosophy; whereas Science corresponds to the realm of "Possible Being" (Mumkin al-Wujud), where this potential manifests through physical laws (Ibn Sina, 2005).