Analysis of the Effect of Maceration and Soxhletation Extraction Methods on the Antioxidant Activity of Sungkai Leaf Ethanol Extract (Peronema canescens Jack)

Sungkai leaves (Peronema canescens Jack) are one of the medicinal plants that have antioxidant activity, in the form of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and alkaloids. The differences in the characteristics of extraction methods can have different influences on the antioxidant activity contained in the extract. This study aims to determine the class of secondary metabolite compounds and antioxidant activity of ethanol extract of sungkai leaves extracted by maceration and soxhletation methods and to determine the effect of maceration and soxhletation extraction methods on the antioxidant activity of ethanol extract of sungkai leaves. Antioxidant activity testing was carried out using the DPPH (2,2 diphenyl-1 pycrilhydrazil) method as a free radical and using a UV-Vis Double Beam spectrophotometry instrument. Statistical test using SPSS 26 with the One Way ANOVA analysis test. The results of the study obtained ethanol extract from sungkai leaves extracted by maceration and soxhletation methods positively contained alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, tannins, saponins and terpenoids. Average score obtained from ethanol extract of sungkai leaves maceration method is 25.2187 μg/mL while the soxhletation method is 18.9279 μg/mL. The results of the statistical test were obtained with a sig value of 0.001.